Integrating HEC-RAS, GIS, and LISREL for assessing and enhancing urban building resilience against flood threats: Comprehensive model and analysis
Floods pose significant threats to urban areas, resulting in substantial human and financial losses annually.The vulnerability of key urban centers to these risks diminishes their efficiency, leading to public dissatisfaction and service deficiencies.Recognizing and enhancing the resilience of essential buildings becomes crucial in mitigating these